Since the educational reform and trend of the educational tendency, the role of principal received enormous challenges to administration and instructional leadership. Another role challenged was a teacher. It is one of the important topics that how to improve the efficiency of teaching on the educational administration in recent years. As far as the number of current theses and dissertations, there were plenty of results have been accumulated. This study analyzed the relationship between the instructional leadership of principals and teachers’ teaching efficiency from 1998 to 2010. The purpose of this study is to understand the existing research during the period and to provide suggestions for future studies.