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題名:部屬知覺上下關係對組織公民行為之影響-以權力距離為調節變項
作者:李宛真
作者(外文):Wan-Jane Lee
校院名稱:銘傳大學
系所名稱:管理研究所
指導教授:萬同軒
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2010
主題關鍵詞:關係權力距離組織公民行為Organizational itizenship behaviorPower distanceGuanxi
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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主管通常希望部屬能夠多從事對組織績效有益的行為。基於社會交換理論的觀點,主管除了激勵部屬於完成角色內工作之餘,也能夠透過管理手段促使員工多從事有益於組織的公民行為。過去關於華人關係的研究,大多認為部屬會採用營造主管與部屬間關係來增強個人利益。事實上,經營人際關係的活動,並不只有單方面在進行,而是依據雙方供需的依賴因素有所調整。
本研究即探討部屬知覺其與主管之關係,是否會影響到部屬主動表現角色外行為的意願。另外,由於組織存有職務層級的制度,部屬能接受與主管的權力不平等程度是否會影響其知覺上下關係對表現組織公民行為之影響。本研究以中小企業主管與員工為對象,採一對一配對問卷進行資料搜集。研究結果為:(1)「情感性關係」對「組織公民行為」具有顯著正相關;(2)「工具性關係」對「組織公民行為」具有顯著負相關;(3)「權力距離」在「情感性關係」對「組織公民行為」的影響中產生調節效果。本研究除了突顯經營關係者係基於需求依賴程度而調整資源分配的角色之外,更強調以華人關係(guanxi)的內涵來探討此一議題。同時,亦提供予管理者日後能適時透過一些管理方式適時調整與部屬的關係,進而增加部屬表現組織公民行為的意願。
Normally, the manager hopes their subordinates to achieve more beneficial behavior for organizational performance. The social exchange theory mentions that, motivating the subordinates is not only to help them to complete their assignment, but also could do something more useful extra-role behavior to the organization. The supervisors frequently use many different management methods to encourage their employee’s to build up their organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). In the past researches, most of people consider about that, subordinates will build a relationship with manager in order to enhance their personal benefits.
This investigation attempts to investigate subordinates perceived guanxi between subordinate-supervisor, whether possible effect on the pleasure of subordinates which takes initiative extra-role behavior. Nevertheless, whether the subordinates use different mechanisms to interact with their supervisor when they in unbalanced situation. However, the researchers have done many interviews and questionnaires from small and medium enterprises. The results of the research are that: (1) Expressive component guanxi was positively related to the OCB. (2) Instrumental component guanxi was negatively related to the OCB. (3) Subordinate’s power distance had moderating effects on the relationships which between the expressive component guanxi and OCB. This research not only points out that the guanxi managers base on the level of needs and adjust the role of resource allocation, but also puts more emphasis on discussion the issue by the extent of Chinese guanxi. Moreover, the results could be used to increase the management method for manager and improving organizational performance in the future as well.
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